Those mysterious 'ghost lights' seen floating over mountains might just be the rocks 'bleeding' electricity.
For centuries, people have reported 'spook lights' appearing near fault lines before earthquakes. This paper proposes a unified geological explanation: when rocks are stressed to the breaking point, they activate 'p-hole' charge carriers. These charges travel to the surface and ionize the air, creating a glowing orb of light. It turns a paranormal legend into a predictable, measurable geological event. If we can monitor these lights, we might finally have a reliable early-warning system for major earthquakes.
The Geological Pathway Diversity Model (GPDM): A Unified Classification and Predictive Framework for Anomalous Luminous Phenomena
EarthArXiv · 10.31223/X5J47D
Anomalous luminous phenomena - recurring visible plasma events at fixed geographic locations, reported globally over centuries as earth lights, earthquake lights, and spook lights - lack a unified physical classification system and predictive framework. We present the Geological Pathway Diversity Model (GPDM), which proposes that these phenomena share a common underlying mechanism - Freund's p-hole charge carrier activation in stressed crystalline rock - implemented through geologically diverse