Physics Nature Is Weird

Santorini just got hit by 80,000 earthquakes in one month, which revealed a massive, hidden pool of magma right under the volcano.

arXiv · March 13, 2026 · 2603.11108

Margarita Segou, Foteini Dervisi, Xing Tan, Rajat Choudhary, Patricia Martínez-Garzón, Francesco Scotto di Uccio, Gregory Beroza, Genny Giacomuzzi, Claudio Chiarabba, Wayne Shelley, Stephanie Prejean, Jeremy Pesicek, John J. Wellik, Marco Bohnhoff, David Pyle, Costas Synolakis, Tom Parsons, Athanassios Ganas, William Ellsworth, Brian Baptie, Gaetano Festa, Piero Poli, Warner Marzocchi

Why it matters

Using deep learning to analyze a real-time volcanic crisis, researchers identified a reservoir of magma that had never been seen before. The discovery was prompted by a pattern of 'spasmodic' seismic bursts—averaging over 2,500 quakes a day—that has never been observed anywhere else on Earth.

From the abstract

We used a deep learning workflow to enhance earthquake detection during the 2025 seismic unrest between Santorini and Amorgos islands to track the evolution of the crisis in near real-time. We analysed the continuous seismic waveforms daily (1/2 - 3/3/25) as the crisis unfolded. Our analysis enhanced the earthquake catalogue from around 4,000 to 80,000 earthquakes. The enhanced catalogue allowed this international expert group to identify the volcanic-tectonic character, clearly revealing burst-