economics Paradigm Challenge

AI data centers can pay 100 times more for electricity than other industries and still walk away with a profit.

SSRN · March 17, 2026 · 6322318

Hans Royal

The Takeaway

We usually assume that if electricity prices spike, heavy industry will shut down to save money. This paper finds that AI companies can stay profitable at $6,350 per megawatt-hour (compared to $50 for normal industry), meaning they will simply outbid everyone else for power and will never stop running during a shortage.

From the abstract

<p>Artificial intelligence data centers represent a fundamentally new class of electricity demand with price tolerance characteristics that have no historical precedent in wholesale power markets. This paper introduces the Compute Heat Rate (CHR), a metric that quantifies the maximum electricity price at which AI computation remains economically viable, measured in dollars per megawatt-hour (and expressible as a demand-side price tolerance multiple relative to traditional industrial curtailment