Physics First Ever

When stars blow up, they might send out space waves that show us what it looks like when atoms literally start to melt.

March 20, 2026

Original Paper

High-Frequency Gravitational Waves from Phase Transitions in Nascent Neutron Stars

Katarina Bleau, Joachim Kopp, Jiheon Lee, Jorinde van de Vis

arXiv · 2603.18153

The Takeaway

Most gravitational wave detectors look for low-frequency hums, but a supernova could produce ripples in the MHz range. These signals would prove that the centers of neutron stars contain 'quark matter,' a state where gravity is so intense that atoms literally dissolve into a subatomic soup.

From the abstract

Tentative evidence suggests that the cores of massive neutron stars consist of deconfined quark matter. We argue that the formation of such a quark matter core during a galactic supernova could be accompanied by the emission of gravitational waves in the MHz band. These signals constitute a new target for high-frequency gravitational wave detectors, demonstrating that such detectors may offer unique opportunities for testing quantum chromodynamics in an otherwise inaccessible regime.