AI & ML Cosmic Scale

Low-orbit satellites just got scary good—they can pinpoint your location within an inch in basically a heartbeat.

March 20, 2026

Original Paper

LEO-based Carrier-Phase Positioning for 6G: Design Insights and Comparison with GNSS

Harish K. Dureppagari, Harikumar Krishnamurthy, Chiranjib Saha, Xiaofeng Wang, Alberto Rico-Alvariño, R. Michael Buehrer, Harpreet S. Dhillon

arXiv · 2603.18360

AI-generated illustration

The Takeaway

Current GPS usually has a margin of error of several meters and can take a long time to 'fix' its precision. By using the rapid motion of Low-Earth Orbit satellites (like Starlink), researchers achieved a 100x improvement in accuracy, which is the key needed for safe autonomous drones and self-driving cars.

From the abstract

The integration of non-terrestrial networks (NTN) into 5G new radio (NR) enables a new class of positioning capabilities based on cellular signals transmitted by Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. In this paper, we investigate joint delay-and-carrier-phase positioning for LEO-based NR-NTN systems and provide a convergence-centric comparison with Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). We show that the rapid orbital motion of LEO satellites induces strong temporal and geometric diversity acros