space Paradigm Challenge

Those 'signs of life' everyone’s talking about on that famous planet? Yeah, it might just be some boring sulfur smog.

March 20, 2026

Original Paper

Organosulfur Chemistry on sub-Neptunes: Implications for hazes and biosignatures

Sean Jordan, Shang-Min Tsai, Paul B. Rimmer, Oliver Shorttle

arXiv · 2603.18923

The Takeaway

Earlier reports suggested the planet K2-18b might harbor life because of specific gases detected in its atmosphere by the James Webb Space Telescope. This study shows that natural chemical reactions involving sulfur and sunlight can mimic those 'biosignatures,' providing a much simpler, non-biological explanation.

From the abstract

The organosulfur biosignature gases dimethylsulfide (DMS) and dimethlydisulfide (DMDS) have recently been claimed to be present in the atmosphere of sub-Neptune exoplanet K2-18b, leading to the suggestion of possible extraterrestrial life. Abiotic formation pathways for DMS and DMDS in reducing atmospheres have also been proposed, raising concern over the use of DMS and DMDS as biosignature gases more generally. In this paper we independently test and contrast the proposed abiotic formation path