space First Ever

Just 60 days after a star explodes, it's already starting to cook up the ingredients needed to build new planets.

March 26, 2026

Original Paper

Near-Infrared and Optical Observations of SN 2024rbc: The First Early Detection of CO and Dust in a Type Ib Supernova

Ryan Hwangbo, Jeonghee Rho, Aravind P. Ravi, Seong Hyun Park, Harim Jin, Sung-Chul Yoon, T. R. Geballe, Ryan Foley, Kirsty Taggart, Kyle W. Davis, Kishore C. Patra, S. Tinyanont, Jesper Sollerman, Steve Schulze, Natalie LeBaron, Chang Liu, Charles D. Kilpatrick

arXiv · 2603.23877

The Takeaway

We used to think the 'seeds' for future planets—dust and complex molecules—took a long time to condense in the wreckage of a supernova. This first-ever early detection found carbon monoxide and dust forming in record time, proving that the raw materials for entire solar systems are assembled almost immediately in the wake of a star's destruction.

From the abstract

We present optical and near-infrared (NIR) observations of the Type Ib supernova (SN) 2024rbc. Emission from the first CO overtone, resting on a dust continuum at $2.3-2.4$ $\mu$m, was observed at 62 days post-explosion. The CO band heads are not seen; the emission is broad and devoid of sharp spectral structure. This is the first observation of CO in the ejecta of a Type Ib SN reported in literature. Fitting a LTE model to the CO overtone derives a mass of $(5.2 \pm 1.2)$ $\times$ 10$^{-4}$ $M_