AI & ML New Capability

Poppy provides a training-free way to refine monocular surface normals using single-shot polarization measurements at test time.

March 31, 2026

Original Paper

Poppy: Polarization-based Plug-and-Play Guidance for Enhancing Monocular Normal Estimation

Irene Kim, Sai Tanmay Reddy Chakkera, Alexandros Graikos, Dimitris Samaras, Akshat Dave

arXiv · 2603.27891

The Takeaway

It allows any frozen RGB backbone (like a Diffusion or Flow-based model) to achieve 25% better accuracy on challenging surfaces (reflective/dark) without retraining. This is a highly practical 'plug-and-play' upgrade for robotics and 3D reconstruction.

From the abstract

Monocular surface normal estimators trained on large-scale RGB-normal data often perform poorly in the edge cases of reflective, textureless, and dark surfaces. Polarization encodes surface orientation independently of texture and albedo, offering a physics-based complement for these cases. Existing polarization methods, however, require multi-view capture or specialized training data, limiting generalization. We introduce Poppy, a training-free framework that refines normals from any frozen RGB