Physics Nature Is Weird

If the temperature difference between two things gets big enough, heat actually just stops flowing entirely.

April 2, 2026

Original Paper

Negative Differential Heat Conductivity in a Harmonic Chain Coupled to a Particle Reservoir

Simon Krekels, Christian Maes, Ion Santra, Ruoxun Zhai

arXiv · 2604.00777

The Takeaway

We usually expect heat to flow faster when the temperature difference is higher, similar to how water flows faster down a steeper hill. In this specific quantum setup, extreme heat causes the system to decouple from its environment, effectively turning a heat source into an insulator.

From the abstract

When coupling thermal baths at different temperatures, negative differential thermal conductivity is typically attributed to nonlinear interactions in the connecting medium. In this work, we demonstrate that such an effect can arise purely from the nature of the thermal baths and their coupling with the medium. Specifically, we construct a bath composed of overdamped thermal particles, which is coupled to one end of a harmonic chain, while the other end is connected to a standard Langevin heat b