Physics First Ever

A Hamiltonian simulation algorithm successfully ran on actual quantum hardware to solve the fundamental equations of light and electricity.

April 29, 2026

Original Paper

Hardware Realization of a Hamiltonian Simulation Algorithm for Time-Domain Maxwells Equations

Gautam Sharma, Apurva Tiwari, Niladri Gomes, Jezer Jojo, J. Eric Bracken, Jay Pathak

arXiv · 2604.25229

The Takeaway

Researchers successfully ran a simulation that solves Maxwell's equations on actual quantum hardware. This is the first time a quantum device has been used to calculate the real vector fields of electromagnetism. Traditional computers struggle with these complex wave interactions when the systems get large or intricate. This demonstration proves that quantum chips can handle the same math used to design antennas, lasers, and power grids. It marks the transition of quantum computing from a theoretical curiosity to a practical tool for engineering the modern world.

From the abstract

We present the first quantum-hardware implementation of a Hamiltonian simulation algorithm that produces signed vector-field solutions to the time-domain Maxwells equations using a Schrodingerisation-basedthis http URLelectromagnetic fields are discretized using finite-difference operators, and the resulting non-unitary matrices are mapped to Bell-basis Trotter blocks, enabling efficient circuit construction. We introduce a measurement procedure that retrieves not only field amplitudes, but also