economics Paradigm Challenge

Tight banking rules meant to stop crashes are actually making the whole financial system more unstable.

March 24, 2026

Original Paper

Macroprudential Policy, Balance Sheets, and Tail Risk

Yucheng Zhou

SSRN · 6397098

The Takeaway

While strict risk constraints reduce the frequency of rare 'tail risk' events, they force banks to engage in massive sell-offs the moment things go wrong. This magnifying effect makes the day-to-day economy more unstable and causes recessions to last significantly longer than they otherwise would.

From the abstract

This paper develops a continuous-time general equilibrium model in which risk-tolerant financial intermediaries borrow from risk-averse households to hold levered positions in productive capital, subject to Value-at-Risk (VaR) constraints on their risk exposure. Adverse aggregate shocks erode intermediary capital and depress asset prices and investment through a balance sheet channel-precisely the conditions under which VaR constraints bind, triggering forced deleveraging that amplifies these ef